The shots are still good at preventing hospitalization or death, though, particularly if someone has received a booster dose.īooster shots are recommended for most people, as these increase and prolong protection against severe disease and also provide some temporary protection against infection and milder illness. Against omicron, however, the vaccines haven’t fared as well and are much worse at preventing infection or mild disease. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that the vaccines are effective under real-world conditions, including against the highly contagious delta variant. Johnson & Johnson, which partly tested its vaccine in South Africa when the beta variant emerged, reported an efficacy of 66% in preventing moderate to severe COVID-19 and an efficacy of 85% in preventing severe or critical COVID-19 in its clinical trial. The Moderna vaccine showed similar results in its clinical trial, with a final efficacy of 93%. For example, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, which was the first COVID-19 vaccine to receive full approval from the Food and Drug Administration, showed a final efficacy of 91% against symptomatic illness in its phase 3 trial, meaning that under the conditions of the trial the vaccine reduced the risk of getting sick by 91%. Īgainst earlier forms of the coronavirus, the vaccines were highly effective at preventing symptomatic illness. All of the authorized and approved vaccines are effective at preventing severe COVID-19.
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